Chapter IGeneral Provisions
Article 1To ensure a favorable environment for low-altitude economy and promote its high-quality development, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with the foundational principles specified in relevant laws and administrative regulations and in light of the specific circumstances in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.
Article 2These Regulations shall apply to relevant activities that aim to promote low-altitude economy within the jurisdiction of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.
Low-altitude economyas mentioned in these Regulations refers to an integrated economic model that encompasses civil piloted and unpiloted low-altitude flights and drives the integrated development of the research, development, production and sale of aircraft, as well as the construction and operation of infrastructure related to low-altitude flights, flight services and derivative integrated services.
Article 3The development of low-altitude economy shall prioritize safety and emphasize innovation, categorized management, coordinated operations, inclusiveness and prudence.
Article 4Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall strengthen its leadership in the development of the low-altitude economy sector, incorporate low-altitude economy into its economic and social development plans, and establish a coordination mechanism to advance the development of low-altitude economyand address significant issues related to industrial development.
Article 5The municipal industry and information technology authority shall, in conjunction with the municipal transport authority, supervise the daily operations of the coordination mechanism to promote the development oflow-altitude economy. The municipal industry and information technology authority shall formulate policies to stimulate the growth of low-altitude economyand relevant sectors such as aircraft research, development and production. The municipal transport authority shall advance the feasible applications of low-altitude flights and other related activities with the goal of promoting the development of low-altitude economy.
The municipal authorities of development and reform, science, technology and innovation, public security, urban planning and natural resources, housing and construction, commerce, culture, media, tourism and sports, emergency management, market regulation, and government services and data management as well as district people’s governments shalladminister issues related to low-altitude economy and ensure necessary services in place in accordance with their respective duties and the law.
Article 6Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall, in conjunction withthe authorities of air traffic management and civil aviation management, establish a coordination mechanism for low-altitude flights to solve major issues such as airspace designation and flight supervision in low-altitude airspace of this municipality. Additionally, a low-altitude flight service platform shall also be established to facilitate efficient and effective low-altitude flight operations within this municipality.
Article 7The municipal transport authority shall ensure the daily operation of the coordination mechanism for low-altitude flights, and collaborate with the air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities along with other relevant authorities of Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government to enhance the administration of low-altitude airspace, infrastructure construction, aviation rules and aviation services.
Article 8Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall leverage the role of professional institutions and experts in studying and advising on issues such as policies, laws, technologies and safety related to low-altitude economy. An expert committee for low-altitude economy composed of relevant experts shall be established to provide advice about the development of low-altitude economy.
Article 9Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall encourage and support the participation of enterprises, higher learning institutions, scientific research institutions, academic groups, trade associations, industrial alliances, foundations and new-type think tanks in activities that promote the development of low-altitude economy.
Article 10Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall encourage the formation of industry associations and alliances in low-altitude economy to engage in strategic planning for industrial development, technological innovation, standard and norm formulation and the exploration of feasible applications and realize the orderly development of low-altitude economy.
Low-altitude economy industry associations and industrial alliances shall strengthen industry self-discipline by establishing well-functioning industry self-discipline norms and governance mechanisms, publicizing low-altitude flight management laws, regulations and related knowledge, releasing information about industrial development, and providing information exchange, technical training and counseling.
Chapter IIInfrastructure
Article 11Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall oversee the planning, construction, operation and management of the low-altitude flight infrastructure within this municipalityand formulate the construction and operation standards of low-altitude flight infrastructure within the municipality in conjunction with the air traffic management agency and the civil aviation management authority.
Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall support constructing and operating low-altitude flight infrastructure with social capital according to the law, and encourage the low-altitude flight infrastructure established with social capital to be open to the public.
Article 12Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall actively promote the construction of the following low-altitude flight infrastructure on all fronts:
(1) Physical infrastructure for low-altitude take-off and landing, transit, cargo loading and unloading, passenger waiting, aircraft charging (battery changing), battery storage, and flighttesting;
(2) Information infrastructure for low-altitude flight communication, navigation, surveillance and meteorological monitoring;
(3) Digital management service system for low-altitude flights;
(4) Other low-altitude flight infrastructure.
Article 13The municipal transport authority shall, in collaboration with the municipal urban planning and natural resources authority, devise the construction plan for low-altitude flight infrastructure within the municipality and promote the intelligent construction of low-altitude flight infrastructure.
The construction plan for low-altitude flight infrastructure within this municipality shall be consistent with the principles of green, cost-effective and intensive development as well as other infrastructure construction plans.
Article 14The planning, construction and operation management of physical low-altitude flight infrastructure shall be conducted according to land, environment and meteorological conditions. Comprehensive consideration shall also be given to other factors, including economic viability, safety, population density, aviation demand and sustainable development.
It is encouraged to establish physical low-altitude infrastructure in islands, hospitals, schools, stadiums, CBDs, high-rise buildings, transportation hubs and tourist attractions that meet relevant requirements.
The municipal authorities of public security and emergency management may, according to actual circumstances, build temporary take-off and landing sites for police activities and emergency rescue.
Article 15Relevant authorities of Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall, in cooperation with the authorities of air traffic management and civil aviation management, push forward the planning, construction and operation management of information infrastructure such as low-altitude flight communication, navigation, surveillance and meteorological monitoring.
The municipal authorities of industry and information technology, and communications management shall expand the communication network to cover low-altitude airspace and appropriately expand radio frequency bands in low-altitude airspace.
Article 16Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall spearhead the development of a digital managementand service system for low-altitude flights and connect it with the platforms and systems of the authorities of air traffic management and civil aviation, so as to support low-altitude flights.
The digital management and service system for low-altitude flights shall be equipped with the following functions:
(1) Flight plan processing;
(2) Aviation intelligence;
(3) Aeronautical meteorology information;
(4) Digital low-altitude airspace chart;
(5) Navigation;
(6) Surveillance;
(7) Warning;
(8) Search and rescue assistance;
(9) Other low-altitude flightservices.
Article 17The municipal authorities of transport, urban planning and natural resources, and government services and data management shall, in conjunction with air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities, compile the digital low-altitude airspace map and promote the sharing of such chart in accordance with relevant regulations.
The digital low-altitude airspace chart shall contain the following information:
(1) Urban architecture;
(2) Natural hill;
(3) Sea area, river and lake;
(4) Important protected area;
(5) Other major natural and artificial obstacles within low-altitude airspace;
(6) Low-altitude airspace for different types of aircraft;
(7) Electronic fence;
(8) Other information related to low-altitude flights.
Chapter III Flight Services
Article 18Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall develop a low-altitude airspace plan based on the development trend of low-altitude economy and industrial development, and go through the review and approval procedures in accordance with relevant national regulations. Information on the designation of low-altitude airspace shall be published in accordance with relevant regulations.
Article 19The municipal transport authority shall coordinate the use of low-altitude airspace by those who engage in low-altitude flights within this municipality, and shall, in cooperation with the air traffic management authority, formulate the low-altitude airspace use planthat ensures aviation security, public security, national security, scientific arrangements and efficiency in light of the characteristics of different types of aircraft.
The low-altitude airspace use plan shall be compatible with the gradual transition from isolated flights to integrated flights, and be constantly adjusted and improved according to the actual circumstances.
Article 20Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall, in cooperation with air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities, implement appropriate measures to administer and serve low-altitude flights by different types of aircraft in accordance with relevant factors such as the development of low-altitude aviation technology of aircraft, regulations, standards, infrastructure and social impact assessment, and ensure operation security.
Article 21Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall organize the construction of a low-altitude aviation service platform and, based on the coordinated management mechanism for low-altitude flights and the digital low-altitude aviation management service system, provide low-altitude aviation services and cooperative operation services such as flight application, flight information, flight alarm and information release to those who engage in low-altitude flights, and constantly expand new services to meet the needs of large-scale low-altitude aviation management and services.
The low-altitude aviation service platform shall, in combination with the actual needs of flights, promote the upgrading of the digital management and service system for low-altitude flights, and improve digital and intelligent management and service for low-altitude flights.
Article 22Whoever hosts a low-altitude flight activity shall apply to the competent authority for a permit for the activity according to the law and relevant provisions.
Whoever hosts regular flight activities within fixed airspace may apply for a permit for long-term flight activities before implementation with approval. The flight plan shall be submitted to the competent authority for filing in accordance with relevant regulations before a flight.
Whoever implements a flight plan for emergency or a special general aviation mission such as emergency rescue, disaster relief, medical rescue and police activities shall promptly apply to relevant authorities in accordance with relevant regulations.
Chapter IVIndustrial Applications
Article 23The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant authorities shall enhance the integration of low-altitude flights into urban management and elevate the quality of urban management services.
The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant authorities shall encourage social organizations, enterprises and individuals to explore the application of low-altitude flights in various fields on the premise of safety.
Article 24The municipal authorities of emergency management, public hygiene and health, and fire rescue shall expedite the development of a rapid emergency response system utilizing low-altitude flights, establish mechanisms for information sharing and collaborative rescue with government agencies, medical institutions and general aviation companies, and broaden the use of low-altitude flights in emergency response, medical evacuation and firefighting operations.
Article 25The municipal authorities of public security, urban planning and natural resources, ecology and environment, transport and meteorology shall promote the application of low-altitude flights in national land exploration, engineering surveying and mapping, agriculture, forestry, plant protection, environmental monitoring, police activities, traffic dispersionand meteorological monitoring.
Article 26The municipal transport authority shall develop low-altitude aviationservices such as government flights and business flights, design intra-city, intercity, cross-border and other low-altitude passenger and cargo routes, and develop new-type urban air traffic such as air commuting and intercity flights.
Article 27The municipal transport authority shall support the application of low-altitude connecting flights in airports, railway hubs, port hubs, CBDs and tourist attractions, and explore innovative applications such as passenger connecting flights and multimodal cargo connecting flights.
Article 28The municipal transport authority shall coordinate the development of low-altitude logistics and increase the application of unmanned aircraft in logistics distribution services such as express delivery and instant distribution.
Article 29The municipal culture, media, tourism and sports authority and the municipal commerce authority shall promote the construction of low-altitude cultural parks, low-altitude consumption towns and low-altitude flight camps, and encourage aerial photography, flight training, low-altitude competitions, low-altitude sports, low-altitude tourism, low-altitude exhibitions, low-altitude flight performances and promotion, and low-altitude cultural exchanges.
Article 30Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall, in cooperation with the air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities, set up a low-altitude integrated flight test area in an appropriate area, organize low-altitude integrated flights and formulate integrated flight standards for this municipality.
Chapter VGovernment Support
Article 31The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant authorities shall provide fiscal, financial, human resources, intellectual property and land support tailored to the unique characteristics and needs of low-altitude economy to foster its growth.
Article 32The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant authorities shall, based on actual application scenarios, encourage enterprises, higher learning institutions and scientific research institutions to innovate the whole industrial chain of low-altitude economy in this municipality.
Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall support and lead the standardized development of the platform economy of low-altitude economy.
Article 33Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall coordinate the planning and construction of industrial parks for low-altitude economy. Efforts shall also be made to promote the construction of characteristic industrial agglomeration areas for low-altitude economy based on the characteristics of and resources for industrial development in each district and improve supporting infrastructure and comprehensive services to enhance industry scale and performance.
Article 34The municipal and district people’s governments shall use government funds to drive social capital to low-altitude economy, help cultivate enterprisesengaged in low-altitude economy, expand the application of low-altitude flights, advance technological innovation in low-altitude economy, and build a benign ecology for low-altitude economy.
The municipal and district people’s governments shall encourage social capital in low-altitude industrial investment through direct investment or finance lease.
Article 35The municipal authorities of industry and information technology, transport, development and reform, finance and local financial supervision shall improve the investment and financing service system, increase investment and financing channels, encourage financial institutions to support low-altitude economy more vigorously, provide diversified financial products, optimize financial services, and reduce enterprises’ financing costs.
Such authorities shall encourage insurance institutions to develop appropriate insurance products to drive the development of low-altitude economy.
Article 36The municipal authorities of transport, industry and information technology, science, technology and innovation, and development and reform shall strive to work with the air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities to establish a comprehensive application and testing base for unmanned aerial vehicles (“UAV”) together with a flight testing platform for different types of UAVs in different operating environments in this municipality, which offers services such as UAV safety, reliability and compliance tests, third-party inspection and testing services, UAV operation risk assessment, airworthiness test, evaluation flight test, mission load verification, data link test and operator training.
Article 37Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall strive to work with the national civil aviation administration to establish an airworthiness certification research institution in this municipality to research on airworthiness certification rules, procedures and standards and provide airworthiness certification consulting and other services for relevant enterprises.
Article 38The municipal education authority and the municipal science, technology and innovation authority shall support colleges and universities under municipal jurisdiction and vocational schools in offering low-altitude economy-related disciplines and specializations, and training professionals in flight, aircraft and spare parts manufacturing, and flight service and support.
Article 39Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall support industry associations, industrial alliances and enterprises in holding summit forums, exhibitions and competitions and building demonstration, trading, exchange and cooperation platforms for low-altitude economy.
Chapter VITechnological Innovation
Article 40The municipal and district people’s governments shall intensify their support for technological innovation and the protection of intellectual property rights within low-altitude economy, motivate enterprises, higher learning institutions and scientific research institutions to enhance their independent innovation capabilities, refine relevant regulations, standards and assessment mechanisms, and strengthen technological collaboration with other regions, to commercialize low-altitude economy-related research and development outcomes.
Article 41The municipal and district people’s governments and the authorities of science, technology and innovation, industry and information technology, and development and reform shall, in collaboration with enterprises, higher learning institutionsand scientific research institutions, secure technological breakthroughs in core components and core technologies such as flight control, intelligent obstacle avoidance, countermeasures, and anti-interference, and promote the innovative integration of aircraft and new technologies such as big data and AI as well as the research and development of key generic technologies, system integration and engineering application.
Article 42The municipal and district people’s governments and relevant authorities shall promote international cooperation in low-altitude economy and encourage enterprises, higher learning institutions, scientific research institutions, trade associations and industrial alliances to engage in international exchanges and cooperation such as technical cooperation, the deployment of scientific and technological outcomes, personnel exchanges, innovation, entrepreneurship, and the incubation of applied business forms.
Article 43The municipal and district people’s governments shall support the construction and development of standard systems and testing and verification platforms related to low-altitude economy, encourage enterprises, scientific research institutions, industry associations and industrial alliances in this municipality to join the formulation of international standards, national standards, industry standards and local standards for low-altitude economy, and independently formulate group and enterprise standards.
Chapter VIISafety Management
Article 44Whoever engages in low-altitude flights shall comply with relevant laws and administrative regulations governing airspace and flights, as well as specific directives issued by air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities and Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government.
The municipal and district people’s governments shall, in various forms, strengthen safety education for those who engage in activities related to low-altitude economy.
Article 45Whoever engages in aircraft manufacturing, maintenance, commercial flights or flight training shall acquire the appropriate business license as stipulated by relevant regulations.
Whoever engages in aircraft production, maintenance, operation or flight training shall obtain relevant qualifications as stipulated by relevant regulations.
Aircraft products shall comply with relevant mandatory national standards. If an airworthiness permit is required, an application for the airworthiness permit shall be made to the civil aviation authority in accordance with relevant regulations.
Article 46The aircraft and its rights holder shall be registered according to the law.
Information related to the production, registration and use of UAVs shall be uploaded on to the national integrated comprehensive supervision and service platform for UAVs in accordance with relevant regulations. Relevant information about the UAVs operating in this municipality shall also be uploaded on to the low-altitude aviation service platform.
Article 47Whoever uses UAV for general commercial flights shall obtain the civil UAV business license according to the law, except for where laws or administrative regulations stipulate that the business license is not required.
Whoever uses manned aircraft for general commercial flights shall obtain a general flight business license. If a business license is required, abusiness license shall be obtained.
Whoever engages in general commercial flights to take passengers shall also meet relevant requirements for passenger transport in general aviation.
Article 48Whoever engages in non-commercial general flights shall report to the civil aviation authority for filing.
Article 49The investor and operator of all types of low-altitude flight infrastructure shall bear the primary responsibility for the safety of low-altitude flight infrastructure.
Relevant authorities of Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government shall, together with the air traffic management authority and the civil aviation management authority, ensure the safety of low-altitude flight infrastructure.
Article 50Whoever engages in low-altitude flights shall abide by relevant laws, rules and regulations, proactively take precautions against accidents and bear the primary responsibility for flight safety.
Low-altitude flights where approval or filing is required according to the law shall be conducted within the approved or filed airspace and flight hours.
Low-altitude flights shall not affect civil aviation.
Article 51Whoever engages in low-altitude flights or related activities shall take lawful measures against data leakage, loss, damage, theft or tampering, and maintain data integrity, security, confidentiality and availability.
Article 52Whoever engages in low-altitude flights or related activities shall not illegally collect, process or use personal privacy data, or collect data related to national security.
When leakage, loss or damage of national security data or personal privacy data happens or may happen, it shall take remedial measures immediately, fulfill the obligation of notification timely in accordance with relevant regulations and report to relevant authorities.
Article 53Objective information about aircraft operating status and surrounding environment recorded by airborne equipment, communication equipment and the low-altitude flight service platform shall be used as an important basis for determining accident liability.
Article 54Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government and relevant authorities shall, in cooperation with the air traffic management authority and the civil aviation management authority, establish a joint low-altitude flight supervision system, formulate an emergency plan to ensure flight safety, coordinate the investigation of low-altitude flight violations, and jointly respond to low-altitude flight accidents.
In the event of a flight incident, whoever organizes the low-altitude flight shall respond to it timely and obey the instructions of the air traffic management authority. In the event of a flight accident, whoever organizes the low-altitude flight activity shall immediately report it to the public security authority and report relevant information to the air traffic management authority and the civil aviation management authority within the prescribed time.
For an unidentified situation in the air or illegal flight of a UAV, the public security authority may deal with the low-altitude target if the conditions are favorable at first, and deal with the UAV that violates relevant regulations after its landing on site.
Article 55If a UAV violates flight management regulations, disturbs public order or endangers public safety, the authorities of air traffic management, civil aviation management and public security may take emergency measures such as necessary technical prevention and control, seizure of relevant articles, ordering to stop the flight, and sealing up the site where the flight is conducted according to the law.
Article 56Whoever engages in low-altitude flights shall buy liability insurance in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Where laws and administrative regulations do not provide, whoever engages in low-altitude flights shall be encouraged to buy liability insurance or another commercial insurance.
Article 57No one shall illegally possess or use aircraft countermeasure equipment.
Chapter VIIILegal Liabilities
Article 58Any staff member of the municipal or district people’s government or relevant authority that fails to perform his relevant duties in accordance with these Regulations shall be punished according to the law. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibilities shall be investigated according to the law.
Article 59In violation of Article 57 of these Regulations, whoever illegally possesses or uses aircraft countermeasure equipment shall be handled by the radio administration authority and the public security authority in accordance with relevant laws or administrative regulations. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibilities shall be investigated according to the law.
Article 60Whoever violates these Regulations where the violation falls into the scope of supervision of the air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities shall be handled by the air traffic management and civil aviation management authorities in accordance with the Civil Aviation Law of the People’s Republic of Chinaand the Interim Regulations on Flight Management of Unmanned Aerial Vehiclesand other laws and administrative regulations. Matters that fall into the scope of supervision of other authorities shall be handled in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Chapter IXSupplementary Provisions
Article 61These Regulations shall enter into force as of February 1, 2024.
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